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Vietnam, China, and USSR

Content Contrary to the belief of the Western world (that the Vietnamese generally disliked, and had an inferiority complex against, the Chinese), the Vietnamese tended to be too proud of their history and victories against the Chinese and Mongol invaders over the centuries.

Aware of the Chinese historical "fierce expansionism", an important question for North and South Vietnam was how to safeguard the future of Vietnam as a whole country.

While South Vietnam tried to forcibly assimilate Chinese immigrants and their descendants, North Vietnam adopted a "more subtle attitude", moving from "fears" during the Chiang Kai-shek era to "solidarity and friendship" after the communist had won in 1949.

The Geneva agreements, while satisfying for China, left the North Vietnamese to be content with the prospect of reunifying with South Vietnam upon an election. After the failure of the agrarian reform, there was a concern of the presence of many Chinese soldiers and civilians in North Vietnam. To keep Chinese economic aid flowing, Ho Chi Minh initially maintained a balance between Peking (Beijing) and Moscow, but subsequently tilted toward Moscow after Peking admitted that it could not help carry out a semi-heavy industrialization. In September 1960, Le Duan, then Secretary-General of the Party, put forward a three-point program: (1) Support Moscow in any Sino-Soviet dispute, (2) Five-year plan (1961–1965) to socialize North Vietnam, (3) Progressive and peaceful reunification of the two Vietnams.

Famine, conquest of rice

Content

The great Vietnamese famine 1944–1945.

The reconquest of the South entrusted to Le Duan could then be understood as "a struggle unleashed simply for the purpose of conquering rice", without which the five-year plan most certainly would fail. For many Southerners, their reaction against the Diem regime, rather than the love for Communism, enabled this subversion war to continue. The enormous economic benefit that North Vietnam would harvest from the national reunification was the primary reason for the war.

North Vietnam was fighting to secure rice, and thus the war was, from the purely national point of view, a legitimate one. Ngo Dinh Diem on the other hand refused to provide aid to alleviate the famine in the North.

Nguyen Ngoc Bich

Wikipedia

• Draft:Nguyen Ngoc Bich. See Nguyen Ngoc Bich (1911-1966): A Biography.
• User:Egm4313.s12/Draft:Nguyen Ngoc Bich, User:Egm4313.s12/Nguyen_Ngoc_Bich_(CZ)

Citizendium

• User:Loc_Vu-Quoc/sandbox
• Nguyen Ngoc Bich
• User:Loc_Vu-Quoc/Draft:Nguyen_Ngoc_Bich

French colonists tying, choking, and throwing a Vietnamese on a truck

French colonists tying, choking, and throwing a Vietnamese on a truck
French colonists tying, choking, and throwing a Vietnamese on a truck Video time 14:50. Video time 14:52. Video time 15:00. Video time 15:01.
In the Year of the Pig

French colonists tied up a Vietnamese, choked him, pulled his hair, and threw him onto a military truck
Video time 14:50. Video time 14:52. Video time 14:55. Video time 15:00. Video time 15:01.
1968 Documentary In the Year of the Pig, time 14:38: "... the Indochina war and all the best and most talented Vietnamese of a generation had faced, in 1946 and 1947, the alternative of the French or the Viet Minh. The best of a generation, the kind of young men who would join up the day after Pearl Harbor in this country [United States]. Are you going to fight to kick out the French, or are you going to be a French puppet? So the most talented people of a generation all signed up and the Viet Minh won this war and it was an enormously popular national war."

• French colonists tying, choking, and throwing a Vietnamese on a truck
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  Video time 14:50.

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  Video time 14:52.

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  Video time 15:00.

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